Category: Pregnancy

Antepartum fetal death: Understanding causes, prevention, and healing

JiangRuoan

– Stillbirth is when a baby dies in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
– Stillbirth affects about 1 in 160 pregnancies each year in the United States.
– Risk factors for stillbirth include medical conditions such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and substance abuse.
– Pregnancy conditions and history can also be risk factors, such as being pregnant with multiples, having intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), having complications in a previous pregnancy (preterm birth, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction), never having given birth before, having had a miscarriage or stillbirth in a previous pregnancy, and being pregnant after the age of 35.
– Unmarried people may have a higher risk of stillbirth due to a lack of social support.
– Health disparities and racism play a role in stillbirth rates.
– Social determinants of health can affect stillbirth rates, including living conditions, access to healthcare, and exposure to chronic stress caused by racism.
– Black people have the highest stillbirth rate, more than double the rate of other groups, except for American Indian/Alaskan Native people.
– Signs and symptoms of stillbirth include the cessation of fetal movement, cramps, pain, or bleeding from the vagina.
– Tests can be conducted to determine the cause of stillbirth, including amniocentesis, autopsy, genetic tests, and tests for infections.
– After experiencing a stillbirth, it is recommended to give oneself time to heal physically and emotionally before having another baby.
– Lowering the risk of stillbirth in a subsequent pregnancy involves getting a preconception checkup, treating existing medical conditions, achieving a healthy weight, avoiding harmful substances, reporting any pain or bleeding during pregnancy, and following recommended tests and monitoring.
– Placental problems cause about 24% of stillbirths, while problems with the umbilical cord may lead to about 10% of stillbirths.
– Complications during pregnancy, health conditions like lupus and thyroid disorders, preterm labor, and fetal growth restriction can contribute to stillbirth.
– Rh disease, trauma or injuries, birth defects, and genetic conditions are also factors in stillbirth.
– Grieving after a stillbirth is a painful process, and families have various options for remembering their baby, such as spending time alone with the baby, naming the baby, holding the baby, and partaking in cultural or religious traditions.

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A Guide for the Old Primipara: Navigating Motherhood

JiangRuoan

– pregnancy outcomes in elderly primigravida
– women over 35 years old conceiving for the first time
– incidence of elderly primigravida
– women conceiving late despite being married early
– high socioeconomic group
– common complications: anaemia, fibroids, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, twin pregnancies
– complications during labor: fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage, retained placenta
– additional findings: gestational diabetes mellitus, caesarean section rate, normal deliveries, congenital anomalies
– high risk for complications: spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, prolonged labor, fetal distress, high caesarean rate, postpartum hemorrhage, congenital anomaly, increased perinatal mortality
– successful pregnancies with proper supervision
– retrospective study of elderly pregnant women
– age groups of the participants
– occupation of the participants
– history of previous abortions
– conception after treatment for sterility
– use of assisted reproductive technology
– need for Invitro-fertilization
– high rate of multiple pregnancies
– observed complications: hypertension, antepartum haemorrhage, preterm delivery, induction of labor, normal vaginal delivery
– delivery via caesarean section
– higher risk of specific pregnancy complications
– factors associated with increased risk: hypertension, diabetes, multiple pregnancy, preterm labor, antepartum haemorrhage, PROM (premature rupture of membranes), malpresentation, prolonged labor, increased caesarean section rate, postpartum hemorrhage

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Fascinating Discoveries: Unveiling the Wonders of Foetal Membranes

JiangRuoan

Since there is no specific text provided, I will provide a list of keywords that are relevant to the topic of “foetal membranes”:

1. Fetal membranes
2. Placenta
3. Amniotic sac
4. Chorion
5. Amnion
6. Membrane rupture
7. Placental abruption
8. Placental pathology
9. Perinatal complications
10. Amniotic fluid
11. Fetal development
12. Umbilical cord
13. Preterm birth
14. Obstetrics
15. Gynecology

Please note that without specific text or article content, it can be difficult to curate a comprehensive list.

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Greater Length: Exploring the Fascinating World of Giraffes

JiangRuoan

– Usage of “in greater length” in written English
– Explaining the phrase “in greater length”
– Extending on a topic using “in greater length”
– Elaborating on a topic for a longer time
– Common use of “in greater length” in written English
– Providing more detail using “in greater length”
– Understanding the meaning of “in greater length”
– Using “in greater length” to discuss a topic in depth
– Expanding on a topic with “in greater length”
– Explaining the purpose of using “in greater length”
– Describing the function of “in greater length” in written English

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Fetal Posture: Unlocking the Secrets of Optimal Development

JiangRuoan

– Fetal presentation before birth refers to the position of the baby in the uterus right before delivery.
– The most common position is cephalic occiput anterior, where the baby’s head is down and face down.
– Another position is cephalic occiput posterior, where the baby’s head is down but face up. This can make labor longer and may require manual rotation or assisted delivery.
– Breech presentation occurs when the baby’s feet or buttocks are in place to come out first during birth. This happens in about 3% to 4% of babies.
– The most common type of breech presentation is frank breech, where the baby’s knees aren’t bent and the feet are close to the baby’s head.
– A procedure called external cephalic version can be performed to try to move the baby into a head-down position if they are in a frank breech position.
– If the procedure is not successful or the baby moves back into a breech position, the delivery options should be discussed with the healthcare team.
– A complete breech presentation is when the baby has both knees bent and both legs pulled close to the body.
– An incomplete breech presentation is when one or both of the legs are not pulled close to the body, and one or both of the feet or knees are below the baby’s buttocks.
– If a baby is in a complete or incomplete breech presentation after 36 weeks of pregnancy, the health care professional may try to move the baby into a head-down position using external cephalic version.
– If the procedure is not successful or if the baby moves back into a breech position, alternative delivery options should be discussed with the health care team.
– A transverse lie is when the baby is lying horizontally across the uterus.
– If the baby is in a transverse lie at week 37 of pregnancy, the health care professional may try to move the baby into a head-down position using external cephalic version.
– If the procedure is not successful or if the baby moves back into a transverse lie, alternative delivery options should be discussed.
– If pregnant with twins and only one twin is head down, the health care provider may deliver the first twin vaginally and then suggest delivering the second twin in the breech position or try to move the second twin into a head-down position using external cephalic version.
– Delivery by C-section may be suggested for the second twin.

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Incomplete Placenta Previa: Understanding Risks, Diagnosis, and Treatment

JiangRuoan

– Incomplete placenta previa is when the placenta is attached close to the opening of the uterus or partially covers the cervix
– Exact cause of placenta previa is unknown
– More likely to occur in women with past pregnancies, tumors in the uterus, past uterine surgeries or cesarean deliveries, women over 35, African American or nonwhite women, smokers, and women who have previously had placenta previa
– Main symptom is painless bleeding from the vagina, typically in the third trimester
– Diagnosis is done through physical exam and ultrasound
– Treatment options include monitoring through ultrasounds, bed rest or hospital stay, early delivery if necessary, cesarean section delivery, and blood transfusion for severe bleeding
– Main complication is excessive bleeding
– Other complications can include improper attachment of the placenta, slowed growth of the baby, preterm birth, and birth defects
– Placenta develops inside the uterus during pregnancy
– It provides oxygen, nutrition and removes waste for the baby
– Placenta is typically attached to the top or side of the inner wall of the uterus
– Changes in the uterus and placenta during pregnancy may correct the problem
– If the problem doesn’t correct, the baby is delivered by cesarean section (C-section)

Note: Some information appears to be repetitive or redundant.

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Ablatio Placentae: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, and Prevention Methods

JiangRuoan

– Placental abruption is most likely to occur in the last trimester of pregnancy, particularly in the last few weeks before birth.
– The signs and symptoms of placental abruption include vaginal bleeding, although it is possible to have no bleeding, abdominal pain, back pain, uterine tenderness or rigidity, uterine contractions that often come one after another.
– The onset of abdominal and back pain is sudden.
– The amount of vaginal bleeding can vary greatly and does not indicate how much of the placenta has separated from the uterus.
– Even with severe placental abruption, there might be no visible bleeding as the blood can become trapped inside the uterus.
– In some cases, placental abruption develops slowly (chronic abruption) and can cause light, intermittent vaginal bleeding.
– This can result in the baby not growing as expected and complications such as low amniotic fluid.
– Complications may include slow fetal growth and low amniotic fluid.

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Understanding the Risks and Management of Central Placenta Previa: A Comprehensive Guide

JiangRuoan

I’m sorry, but since I’m an AI language model, I don’t have access to external sources. However, I can give you a general list of terms related to the keyword “central placenta previa”:

1. Placenta previa
2. Central placenta previa
3. Placental complications
4. Obstetric hemorrhage
5. Bleeding during pregnancy
6. Maternal mortality
7. Preterm birth
8. Cesarean section
9. Fetal distress
10. Ultrasound diagnosis
11. Risk factors
12. Painless bleeding
13. Antenatal care
14. Abnormal placental implantation
15. Vaginal delivery

Please note that this list is based on general knowledge and not specific to the article mentioned in your text. It’s always best to consult medical professionals or trusted sources for accurate and up-to-date information.

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