Category: Reproductive Disorders

Acyeterion: Exploring the Origins and Significance of Greek Tragedy

JiangRuoan

Emergency contraception, also known as morning-after pills or certain IUDs, refers to methods that can be used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. It should be used within 5 days (120 hours) of unprotected sex for best results. There are two types of morning-after pills: ulipristal acetate (ella) and levonorgestrel (Plan B, Take Action, etc.). Ulipristal acetate requires a prescription, while levonorgestrel pills can be bought over the counter. Morning-after pills work best when taken as soon as possible and may not be as effective if the body has already started ovulating.

Emergency contraception should not be used as a regular form of birth control. It does not cause long-term side effects, harm existing pregnancies, or affect future fertility. It is a safe method to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. Different types of morning-after pills should not be used simultaneously or within 5 days of each other as they may counteract each other.

The effectiveness of emergency contraception can be affected by factors such as body weight. Levonorgestrel pills may be less effective for individuals weighing over 165 pounds, while ulipristal acetate is less effective for those weighing 195 pounds or more. The Paragard, Mirena, and Liletta IUDs are the most effective at preventing pregnancy and can be used within 120 hours of unprotected sex.

Emergency contraception can be purchased over the counter at drugstores and pharmacies without a prescription. It is recommended to use whichever method is available, even if not the most effective. The cost of emergency contraception varies, with Plan B One-Step typically costing around $40-$50 and levonorgestrel pills costing about $11-$45. ella, a different brand of morning-after pill, usually costs about $50 or more at the pharmacy but may be free with health insurance or Medicaid. The cost of getting an IUD can range from $0 to $1,300, but they may be free or low cost with health insurance plans, Medicaid, and some government programs.

Emergency contraception may cause temporary side effects such as nausea, vomiting, slight irregular vaginal bleeding, and fatigue. It does not have long-term side effects. It is not advisable to rely on home remedies for emergency contraception, as they are not effective. Morning-after pills do not require age or gender restrictions for purchase. Sometimes they may be locked up or kept behind the counter at stores, requiring assistance from a pharmacist or store clerk.

Insurance usually covers the cost of emergency contraception, but a prescription from a doctor or nurse may be required for coverage. Emergency contraception can also be obtained at family planning or health department clinics, as well as Planned Parenthood health centers. The first period after taking emergency contraception may come earlier or later than expected.

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Perinatal Cardiomyopathy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention Guidelines

JiangRuoan

Perinatal cardiomyopathy is a rare condition where weakness in the heart muscle occurs sometime during the final month of pregnancy through about five months after delivery. It can have mild or severe symptoms. The seriousness of the condition can be measured by the ejection fraction, which is the percentage of blood the heart pumps out with each beat. A normal ejection fraction is about 60%. The degree of severity does not affect the rate of recovery. Some patients with a low ejection fraction can fully recover from perinatal cardiomyopathy. Recovery can occur over a period of six months or longer, but in some cases, the heart can return to full strength in as little as two weeks. Perinatal cardiomyopathy has a relatively high recovery rate compared to other forms of cardiomyopathy. Symptoms of perinatal cardiomyopathy, such as swelling in the feet and legs and shortness of breath, can be similar to the symptoms of the third trimester of a normal pregnancy. Mild cases may go undiagnosed and recover without medical attention. Severe cases can cause shortness of breath and swollen feet. Cardiomyopathy can be detected through an echocardiogram which shows the diminished functioning of the heart.

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Tubal Abortion: Understanding the Risks, Procedures, and Recovery

JiangRuoan

List of pertinent topics to the keyword ‘tubal abortion’:

1. Ectopic pregnancy and its treatment
2. Debate surrounding treatment for ectopic pregnancy
3. Misconceptions about ectopic pregnancy management
4. Distinction between ectopic pregnancy treatment and abortion
5. Timing for trying to conceive after treatment for ectopic pregnancy
6. Methotrexate injections and their effects on fertility
7. Importance of folic acid supplementation after ectopic pregnancy treatment
8. Lack of information on tubal abortion in the article

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Decidua vera: Understanding the Biology and Significance Explained

JiangRuoan

List of pertinent information about ‘decidua vera’:

1. Decidua vera, also known as parietal decidua or true decidua, is the decidua that does not include the area occupied by the implanted ovum and chorion.
2. Decidua vera is the exclusive name for the decidua that is not occupied by the implanted ovum and chorion.
3. The decidua is the mucosal lining of the uterus that forms every month in preparation for pregnancy.
4. Decidua vera is shed after childbirth, except for the deepest layer.
5. The decidua forms the maternal part of the placenta during pregnancy and is shed together with the placenta after birth.
6. The decidua has distinct histological features, including large decidual cells.
7. The decidua plays a role in nutrient exchange, gas exchange, and waste removal during pregnancy.
8. In invasive placental disorders like placenta accreta, the decidua is found to be deficient.
9. The decidua secretes hormones, growth factors, and cytokines.
10. The role and interplay of these hormones and factors is not well understood.
11. Chronic deciduitis, a long-lasting infection of the decidua, is associated with pre-term labor.

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The Hidden Dangers of Red Degeneration: Untold Symptoms, Risks

JiangRuoan

– Red degeneration, also known as carneous degeneration
– Type of degeneration that can occur in uterine leiomyomas
– Most common form of degeneration during pregnancy
– Symptoms of red degeneration include abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis
– Red appearance of the leiomyoma
– Caused by venous thrombosis or rupture of intratumoral arteries
– Unusual signal intensity patterns on MRI, such as high signal intensity on T1-weighted images and variable signal intensity on T2-weighted images
– Contrast enhancement can vary

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Hyaline Degeneration: Understanding this Key Factor in Tissue Health

JiangRuoan

– Hyaline degeneration is the most common form of degeneration that can occur in a uterine leiomyoma.
– It is thought to occur in up to 60% of uterine leiomyomas.
– Hyaline degeneration happens when fibroids outgrow their blood supply.
– It involves the presence of homogeneous eosinophilic bands or plaques in the extracellular space.
– Radiographic features of hyaline degeneration on MRI are difficult to distinguish from non-degenerated fibroids.
– Areas of calcification can appear as signal voids on MRI.
– T1: isointense
– T2: hypointense
– T1 C+ (Gd): low enhancement in comparison to regular leiomyoma.
– Mostafa El-Feky and Yuranga Weerakkody had no financial relationships or disclosures at the time of the article.

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