Empowering Women's Health: Insights from a Gynecologist
– Forbes-Albright syndrome
– Chiari-Frommel syndrome
– secondary amenorrhea
– galactorrhea
– pituitary tumor
– prior pregnancy
– progression from benign to neoplastic syndrome
– Linquette et al.
– sella turcica
– craniotomy
– chromophobe adenomas
– multiple endocrine adenomatosis syndrome
– Molar pregnancy, also known as HM or malignant hydatidiform mole, occurs due to abnormal fertilization of the egg.
– It results in an abnormal fetus and normal growth of the placenta with little or no fetal tissue growth.
– The placental tissue forms a mass in the uterus with a grape-like appearance on ultrasound, containing small cysts.
– Older women have a higher chance of developing a molar pregnancy.
– A history of molar pregnancy in earlier years is also a risk factor.
– There are two types of molar pregnancy: partial molar pregnancy, where there is an abnormal placenta and some fetal development, and complete molar pregnancy, where there is an abnormal placenta and no fetus.
– There is no known prevention for the formation of these masses.
– Mortality rate from hydatidiform mole is essentially zero due to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
– Approximately 20% of women with a complete mole develop a trophoblastic malignancy, which is almost 100% curable.
– Risk factors for malignant disease include advanced maternal age, high levels of hCG (>100,000 mIU/mL), eclampsia, hyperthyroidism, and bilateral theca lutein cysts.
– Predicting who will develop gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is difficult.
– Study suggests that outcomes of subsequent pregnancies in women who have had molar pregnancies are similar to those in the general population.
– Incidence of another molar pregnancy in women with a molar pregnancy is about 1.7%.
– Incidence of stillbirth in subsequent pregnancies in women with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is 1.3%.
– Women with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia who conceive after chemotherapy have similar obstetric outcomes to those of the general population.
– Following a molar pregnancy, the risk of preterm birth is increased.
– Likelihood of large-for-gestational-age birth and stillbirth is greater if at least one birth occurs between the molar pregnancy and the index birth.
– Risk of adverse maternal outcomes is not increased following molar pregnancy.
– Malignancy is diagnosed in 15-20% of patients with a complete hydatidiform mole and 2-3% of partial moles.
– Lung metastases are found in 4-5% of patients.
– Perforation of the uterus during suction curettage is a potential complication, which may require laparoscopic guidance to complete the procedure.
– Hemorrhage is a common complication during the evacuation of a molar pregnancy, and intravenous oxytocin should be started at the beginning of suctioning.
– Other medications such as Methergine and Hemabate should also be available, and blood for possible transfusion should be readily available.
– Malignant trophoblastic disease develops in 20% of molar pregnancies, so quantitative hCG should be monitored regularly.
– Factors released by the molar tissue could trigger the coagulation cascade, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC).
– Acute respiratory insufficiency can also occur due to trophoblastic embolism.
– The greatest risk factor for this complication is a larger uterus size compared to the expected gestational age.
– Sumatran siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) are found in the Barisan Mountains of Sumatra and the mountains of the Malay Peninsula.
– They inhabit lowland, hill, and upper dipterocarp forests.
– Siamangs are the largest gibbons, weighing between 10 and 12 kg.
– Siamangs have a black fur coat, long arms, and a short-muzzled face.
– Siamangs have opposable thumbs and fused 2nd and 3rd toes.
– Siamangs are monogamous and highly territorial.
– Females give birth every 2 to 3 years, usually to one offspring, but twins can occur.
– Infants are weaned at 18 to 24 months and reach maturity at 6 to 7 years.
– Siamangs communicate through vocalizations, including bell-like tones, high yells, and high-pitched laughter.
– Territory size varies depending on food supply, averaging 28 to 95 acres.
– Siamangs primarily survive on leaves and fruit but also eat insects, bird eggs, and small vertebrates.
– Siamangs play a crucial role as seed dispersers in ecosystems.
– They have economic importance to humans as pets, subjects of primate studies, and for entertainment purposes in zoos.
– Siamang gibbons communicate through calls and songs to establish territory and reinforce family or mating bonds.
– Siamangs are the only gibbons with both opposable thumbs and opposable toes.
– They play a crucial role in their forest habitat by eating fruits from one tree and spreading seeds through their feces, leading to the growth of more trees elsewhere and a healthier tree population.
– Fetus papyraceus
– Rare condition
– Compressed in-utero
– Resorption or paper thin
– Increased incidence with assisted reproductive techniques (ART)
– High morbidity and mortality for mother and fetus
– Incidence: 1 in 12,000 pregnancies
– Incidence in twin pregnancies: 1 in 190
– Can occur in monozygotic or dizygotic twins
– Associated with ovulation induction or in vitro fertilization
– Associated complications: pre-eclampsia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
– Intrauterine complications: premature birth, low birth weight, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
– Case presentation of a 43-year-old primigravida with severe oligohydramnios and anemia
– Conceived through ART
– Three fetus papyraceus identified
– Emergency caesarean section performed
– Two live births
– Diagnosis through sonographic examinations
– Monitoring the effect on surviving fetus and mother
– A myoma, also known as a uterine fibroid or leiomyoma, is a common noncancerous tumor that grows in or around the uterus.
– Myomas can vary in size and may cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and heavy menstrual bleeding.
– Risk factors for myomas include a family history of myoma, obesity, and age.
– More than half of all people with a uterus will experience a myoma by age 50.
– Myomas can be categorized by location, size, and symptoms they may cause.
– Types of myomas include intramural myomas (located within the wall of the uterus), subserosal myomas (grow on the outside of the uterine wall), pedunculated myomas (develop a stalk or stem attaching them to the uterus), and submucosal myomas (found just under the lining of the uterus).
– A large myoma is considered to be 10 centimeters or more in diameter.
– Emergency room visits for myoma symptoms have increased from 2006 to 2017, including pelvic pain and heavy bleeding.
– Myomas are noncancerous growths that can cause various symptoms depending on their size and location.
– Symptoms of myomas include heavy and painful periods, bleeding between periods, pelvic pain, abdominal pressure, a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen, constipation, diarrhea, frequent urination, pain during sex, lower back pain, trouble getting pregnant, fatigue, and weakness.
– Myomas are not life-threatening but can cause complications such as heavy blood loss or organ obstruction.
– Myomas are a top cause of hysterectomy surgeries.
– If a myoma bursts, immediate medical care is necessary.
– The exact cause of myomas is unknown but is likely associated with hormone activity, particularly high levels of estrogen and progesterone.
– Risk factors for myomas include a family history of the condition, obesity, high blood pressure, age, and certain dietary factors.
– Myomas are more common among Black people with a uterus.
– Diagnosis of myomas involves a series of steps, including medical history, physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, and sometimes a biopsy.
– Treatment options for myomas include medication, noninvasive procedures, surgery, or a combination of therapies.
– Medications that may be used include over-the-counter pain medications, iron supplements, and birth control methods.
– Surgical options include laparoscopic myomectomy and uterine fibroid embolization (UFE).
– Lifestyle changes including dietary changes, exercise, stress management, and weight loss may improve symptoms and overall health.
– Complications of untreated myomas include fertility issues, pregnancy complications, and the need for cesarean delivery.
– It is important to discuss myomas with a healthcare provider before pregnancy for potential complications.
– Uterine fibroids, also known as myomas, are non-cancerous tumors that grow in the uterus.
– The most common symptom of myomas is vaginal bleeding.
– Other symptoms of myomas include heavy bleeding, anemia, fatigue, painful intercourse, pain, bleeding, or discharge from the vagina if myomas become infected, a feeling of pressure or lump in the abdomen, difficulties urinating, dribble at the end of urination, or urine retention if a myoma blocks the flow of urine.
– Myomas affect 20 percent of women in their childbearing years.
– The signs and symptoms of uterine fibroids include abnormal bleeding, pelvic masses, pelvic pain, infertility, and pregnancy complications.
– There are five types of uterine fibroids: intramural fibroids, subserosal fibroids, submucosal fibroids, pedunculated fibroids, and intracavitary fibroids.
– Between 70 and 80 percent of women develop a fibroid tumor by the time they reach age 50.
– Estrogen seems to activate the growth of uterine fibroids, and they shrink after menopause, but hormone therapy after menopause may cause their symptoms to continue.
– Factors associated with the development of uterine fibroids include race, age, early menstruation, caffeine and alcohol intake, genetics, obesity, high blood pressure, and diet.
– Nearly one-third of women with uterine fibroids seek treatment because of the severity of their symptoms.
– Treatment options for uterine fibroids include hormonal contraception, intrauterine devices, antifibrinolytic nonsteroidal agents, endometrial ablation, medications called gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, myomectomy, MRI-guided ultrasound surgery, and uterine fibroid embolization.
– Uterine fibroid embolization is a minimally invasive option that blocks the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink and die.
– Myoma, leiomyoma, and uterine fibroids all refer to the same thing, a non-cancerous tumor of the uterus.
– The management of uterine fibroids, also known as myomas, requires further research to improve treatment outcomes.
I apologize for the confusion. Since I don’t have the article you provided, I will generate a list of information related to the keyword “endometriosis interna” based on my training data. Here is a pertinent list of information related to endometriosis interna:
1. Definition of endometriosis interna
2. Symptoms of endometriosis interna
3. Causes and risk factors of endometriosis interna
4. Diagnosis of endometriosis interna
5. Treatment options for endometriosis interna
6. Complications and long-term effects of endometriosis interna
7. Lifestyle tips for managing endometriosis interna
8. Support groups and resources for individuals with endometriosis interna
9. Research and advancements in the field of endometriosis interna
10. Frequently asked questions about endometriosis interna
Please note, as an AI language model, I do not have access to real-time information or external sources, so this is a general list based on knowledge about endometriosis interna. It is always best to consult with a medical professional for accurate and specific information.
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– Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix occurs when cells in the cervix become abnormal and start to multiply uncontrollably.
– Advances in medical technology and Pap tests have helped identify cervical cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, earlier.
– Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a role in causing squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, but not everyone with HPV develops it.
– Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix include multiple sexual encounters, weakened immune system, smoking, and exposure to the drug DES during pregnancy.
– Early stages of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix do not usually show signs or symptoms, emphasizing the importance of regular Pap smears and pelvic exams.
– Symptoms of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix may include unusual vaginal bleeding, watery or bloody discharge, and pelvic pain.
– Regular screening for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is recommended to start at age 21.
– HPV DNA tests and Pap tests are used to detect cervical abnormalities, including squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, and HPV infection.
– If squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is suspected, a colposcopy may be performed to examine the cervix more thoroughly, potentially including a punch biopsy to collect cell samples.
– The article discusses various treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy, and immune therapy. It emphasizes the importance of considering individual health and preferences when deciding on a treatment plan.
– The article also suggests ways to cope with a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix diagnosis, such as seeking information, finding support, setting achievable goals, and taking care of oneself.
– Choriocarcinoma
– Gestational choriocarcinoma
– Gestational trophoblastic disease
– Testicular cancer
– Chemotherapy
– Survival rates
– Vaginal bleeding
– Infections
– Pelvic cramps
– Fever
– Swelling around the stomach
– Lungs
– Coughing up blood
– Chest pain
– Breathing difficulties
– Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone levels
– Imaging tests (ultrasounds, X-rays, MRI scans)
– Chorioadenoma
– Spinal fluid sample
– Lumbar puncture
– Radiation therapy
– Surgery
– Hysterectomy
– Recurrence
– Blood tests
– Pregnancy loss
– Menopause
– Colon cancer
– Breast cancer
– Normal, healthy pregnancy
– Medical help
List relevant to the keyword ‘cyclocephalus’:
– Cyclocephalus: a medical anomaly
– Cyclocephalus and its various abnormalities
– Median fissures of the upper lip in cyclocephalus
– Preauricular appendages in cyclocephalus
– Oral deformities in cyclocephalus
– Absence of the olfactory proboscis in cyclocephalus
– Cyclocephalus, also known as cyclops arrhynchus
– Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine: a book published in 1896
– Ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas represent approximately 15% of all serous tumors.
– They are more common in younger age groups, with a peak age of presentation of around 45 years.
– Clinical presentation is often silent until the tumor reaches an advanced size or stage.
– The most frequent initial symptoms are abdominal pain, increasing abdominal girth or distension, or an abdominal mass.
– Borderline tumors develop on the surface of the ovary without invading the underlying tissue and have characteristic papillary projections.
– They can develop extra-ovarian tumor implants in advanced stages, but these implants behave in a benign manner and remain on the surface of underlying tissues.
– Serum CA-125 level is typically mildly elevated.
– Radiographic features of borderline tumors include bilateral adnexal masses with profuse papillary projections.
– They can display aggressive behavior and occasionally present with peritoneal or nodal metastases.
– Doppler ultrasound can detect intratumoral blood flow, similar to more malignant neoplasms.
– Post-surgical prognosis is better than for ovarian cystadenocarcinoma.
– They are staged using the same ovarian cancer staging as malignant ovarian neoplasms.
– Borderline serous cystadenomas were first described in 1929 and received separate classification in the early 1970s by the World Health Organization.