Tag: high-risk pregnancy

Partial Placenta Praevia: Causes, Symptoms, and Management Strategies

JiangRuoan

List:

– Placenta previa
– Condition where the placenta implants at the bottom of the uterus, covering the cervix
– Painless vaginal bleeding after 20 weeks of pregnancy
– 1 in every 200 pregnancies affected by placenta previa
– Other causes of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy
– Thinning and spreading of the bottom part of the uterus can cause bleeding if the placenta is anchored to the bottom
– Sexual intercourse can cause bleeding
– Complications of placenta previa: major bleeding, shock, fetal distress, premature labor or delivery, health risks to the baby, emergency cesarean delivery, hysterectomy, blood loss for the baby, and death
– Causes and risk factors for placenta previa: low implantation of the fertilized egg, abnormalities of the uterine lining, scarring of the uterine lining, abnormalities of the placenta, and multiple pregnancies
– Tests used to diagnose placenta previa: ultrasound scans, feeling the mother’s belly
– Differentiating between placenta previa and placental abruption
– Life-threatening condition for both the mother and baby
– Diagnosis involves ultrasound scan and gentle speculum vaginal examination
– Treatment options depend on factors: type and location of the placenta, amount of blood loss, gestational age of the baby, and the health of both the baby and mother
– Medical treatment during pregnancy: bed rest, hospitalization, close monitoring, blood transfusion, avoiding activities that trigger contractions
– Delivery usually done through a caesarean section
– Postpartum monitoring for complications such as postpartum bleeding
– Baby closely monitored for health issues related to prematurity or lack of oxygen during delivery
– Prompt medical attention needed if experiencing vaginal bleeding during pregnancy
– Treatment options depend on factors such as the type and location of the placenta, amount of blood lost, gestational age of the baby, and the health of both the baby and mother
– Treatment during pregnancy may include bed rest, hospitalization, close monitoring, blood transfusion, and avoiding activities that trigger contractions
– Caesarean section usually performed once the baby is old enough
– Tests to check the mother’s blood cell counts and clotting ability needed.

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Antenatal Diagnosis: Empowering parents with invaluable prenatal insights

JiangRuoan

List:
– Antenatal care is important for detecting abnormalities and preventing illnesses in mother and child during pregnancy
– Regular antenatal check-ups and weekly classes can benefit pregnant women and their child
– Screening during antenatal care can detect and prevent complications like hypertension and pregnancy diabetes
– Certain foods should be avoided during pregnancy, such as raw fish, undercooked eggs, and unpasteurised/soft cheese
– Prenatal vitamins, including folic acid and pregnancy multivitamins, are important for the health of the child
– Antenatal classes provide support, education on pregnancy, child development, and post-birth care
– Antenatal care also educates expectant fathers on their role during pregnancy

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Incomplete Placenta Previa: Understanding Risks, Diagnosis, and Treatment

JiangRuoan

– Incomplete placenta previa is when the placenta is attached close to the opening of the uterus or partially covers the cervix
– Exact cause of placenta previa is unknown
– More likely to occur in women with past pregnancies, tumors in the uterus, past uterine surgeries or cesarean deliveries, women over 35, African American or nonwhite women, smokers, and women who have previously had placenta previa
– Main symptom is painless bleeding from the vagina, typically in the third trimester
– Diagnosis is done through physical exam and ultrasound
– Treatment options include monitoring through ultrasounds, bed rest or hospital stay, early delivery if necessary, cesarean section delivery, and blood transfusion for severe bleeding
– Main complication is excessive bleeding
– Other complications can include improper attachment of the placenta, slowed growth of the baby, preterm birth, and birth defects
– Placenta develops inside the uterus during pregnancy
– It provides oxygen, nutrition and removes waste for the baby
– Placenta is typically attached to the top or side of the inner wall of the uterus
– Changes in the uterus and placenta during pregnancy may correct the problem
– If the problem doesn’t correct, the baby is delivered by cesarean section (C-section)

Note: Some information appears to be repetitive or redundant.

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Placenta Previa: Causes, Symptoms, and Safe Pregnancy Practices

JiangRuoan

– Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers all or part of the opening to the cervical opening at the top of the vagina
– Occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies
– Can cause serious bleeding and complications later in pregnancy
– Risk factors include previous c-section, in vitro fertilization, smoking, cocaine use, age 35 or older, previous pregnancies, multiple pregnancies, and previous episodes of placenta previa
– Symptoms may include painless bleeding from the vagina during the second half of pregnancy and contractions
– Diagnosis is typically done through a routine ultrasound test
– Placenta previa can be detected through ultrasound, including transvaginal ultrasound and translabial ultrasound
– Three-dimensional ultrasound may also be used
– Placenta previa can be found in the second trimester even without vaginal bleeding
– Treatment depends on the stage of pregnancy, severity of bleeding, and the health of the mother and baby
– C-section is recommended for nearly everyone with placenta previa to prevent severe bleeding
– Early in pregnancy with no symptoms may require no treatment but follow-up ultrasounds
– Bleeding as a result of placenta previa requires close monitoring in the hospital
– Blood transfusions may be given if there is excessive bleeding
– Corticosteroids may be given to help with baby’s lung development in case of preterm delivery
– Severe bleeding at 34 to 36 weeks may require an immediate c-section
– Amniocentesis may be performed at 36 to 37 weeks to test for fully developed lungs in the baby
– Certain activities should be avoided with placenta previa, including orgasm-inducing sex, vaginal penetration or examinations, moderate/strenuous exercise, lifting more than 20 pounds, and standing for more than four hours

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