Tag: reproductive health

Contraceptive Methods: Empowering Women with Safe and Effective Protection

JiangRuoan

List:

1. The article discusses two intrauterine devices (IUDs) used as contraceptive methods: the Levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG IUD) and the Copper T intrauterine device.
2. The LNG IUD is a small T-shaped device inserted into the uterus by a doctor.
3. It releases a small amount of progestin daily to prevent pregnancy.
4. The device can stay in the uterus for 3 to 8 years, depending on the specific device.
5. The typical use failure rate of the LNG IUD is between 0.1% and 0.4%.
6. The Copper T IUD is also shaped like a “T” and is placed inside the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy.
7. It can be left in the uterus for up to 10 years.
8. The typical use failure rate of the Copper T IUD is 0.8%.
9. Family planning allows people to achieve their desired number of children and space out their pregnancies.
10. It involves the use of contraceptive methods and infertility treatment.
11. Access to contraceptive information and services is essential for the health and human rights of individuals.
12. Preventing unintended pregnancies helps lower maternal ill-health and pregnancy-related deaths.
13. Family planning benefits young girls by delaying pregnancies and reducing health risks associated with early childbearing.
14. It also benefits older women by preventing pregnancies and reducing their increased health risks.
15. Contraception helps reduce the need for unsafe abortions and HIV transmission from mothers to newborns.
16. It can improve education for girls and create more opportunities for women in society.
17. In developing regions, an estimated 214 million women of reproductive age have an unmet need for contraception.

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Endometroid Cysts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention Strategies

JiangRuoan

– Endometriosis is the growth of endometrium tissue in other areas of the body, such as the fallopian tubes, bladder, or peritoneum.
– Endometrioid cysts, also known as endometriomas, are a type of cyst that can form on the ovaries.
– These cysts can range in size from small (less than 2 inches) to large (up to 8 inches across).
– Endometriomas can cause chronic pelvic pain, make it harder to get pregnant, interfere with fertility treatments, and affect ovary function.
– The most common symptom of endometriosis is persistent lower belly pain, which can worsen before and during periods.
– Other symptoms may include heavy bleeding, pain during sex, soreness, pressure, or no symptoms at all.
– A doctor may discover an endometrioid cyst during a pelvic exam or through ultrasound.
– Ovarian endometrioma is a cyst filled with fluid that resembles chocolate syrup and is found in the ovaries.
– It is a sign of endometriosis, a condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus.
– About 10% of people who menstruate have endometriosis.
– Ovarian endometriomas can cause pelvic pain, increase the risk of ovarian cancer, and make it more difficult to become pregnant.
– While ovarian cancer is rare among those with ovarian endometriomas, monitoring and discussing treatment options is necessary if there is concern about potential cancerous growth.

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The Unseen Dangers: Rupture of Tubal Pregnancy Explained

JiangRuoan

List of Pertinent Keywords:
– rupture of tubal pregnancy
– ectopic pregnancy
– fallopian tube
– symptoms
– complications
– missed periods
– tender breasts
– upset stomachs
– abnormal vaginal bleeding
– low back pain
– mild abdominal or pelvic pain
– sudden and severe pain
– shoulder pain
– weakness
– dizziness
– fainting
– life-threatening internal bleeding
– emergency room
– immediate medical attention
– reporting
– obstetrician-gynecologist
– healthcare professional
– fertilized egg
– uterus
– fallopian tube
– tubal pregnancy
– ovary
– abdominal cavity
– cervix
– unable to continue normally
– survival outside the uterus
– left untreated
– life-threatening bleeding

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Understanding Simple Hyperplasia of the Endometrium: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

JiangRuoan

– Simple hyperplasia of endometrium: A condition where the lining of the uterus becomes too thick.
– Endometrial biopsy: A procedure in which a small amount of tissue from the lining of the uterus is removed and examined under a microscope.
– Hormone therapy: A treatment that involves taking estrogen and sometimes progestin to relieve menopausal symptoms.
– Hysterectomy: A surgery to remove the uterus.
– Hysteroscopy: A procedure where a lighted telescope is inserted into the uterus through the cervix for viewing or surgery.
– Menopause: The permanent cessation of menstrual periods confirmed after 1 year of no periods.
– Menstrual cycle: The monthly process of changes in a woman’s body to prepare for possible pregnancy.
– Menstrual periods: The shedding of blood and tissue from the uterus.
– Obstetrician-Gynecologist (Ob-Gyn): A doctor specialized in women’s health.
– Ovaries: Organs in women that contain eggs for reproduction and produce hormones.
– Ovulation: The release of an egg from an ovary.
– Perimenopause: The time leading up to menopause.
– Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal imbalance condition affecting menstrual periods, ovulation, fertility, and metabolism.
– Progesterone: A female hormone produced in the ovaries that prepares the uterus lining for pregnancy.
– Progestin: A synthetic form of progesterone used for various purposes.
– Transvaginal ultrasound exam: A type of ultrasound conducted with a device placed in the vagina.

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Unveiling the Enigma: Understanding Endometrioid Tumour Progression

JiangRuoan

– Endometrioid cancer is the most common type of cancer in the uterus and starts in the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium).
– There are different types of endometrial cancers, including adenocarcinoma (most common), uterine carcinosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, transitional carcinoma, serous carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, dedifferentiated carcinoma, and serous adenocarcinoma.
– Endometrioid cancer starts in gland cells and resembles the normal uterine lining.
– Some endometrioid cancers have squamous cells in addition to glandular cells.
– There are several sub-types of endometrioid cancers, including adenocarcinoma (with squamous differentiation), adenoacanthoma, adenosquamous (or mixed cell), secretory carcinoma, ciliated carcinoma, and villoglandular adenocarcinoma.
– The grade of an endometrial cancer is determined by the organization of the cancer cells into gland-like structures.
– Grade 1 tumors of endometrioid cancer have 95% or more of the cancer tissue forming glands.
– Grade 2 tumors have between 50% and 94% of the cancer tissue forming glands.
– Grade 3 tumors have less than half of the cancer tissue forming glands and tend to be aggressive with a worse outlook.
– Type 1 endometrial cancers are usually not aggressive and are caused by too much estrogen. They may develop from atypical hyperplasia.
– Type 2 endometrial cancers are more likely to grow and spread outside the uterus and have a poorer outlook. They are not caused by too much estrogen and include papillary serous carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma.
– Uterine carcinosarcoma (CS) starts in the endometrium and has features of both endometrial carcinoma and sarcoma. It is a type 2 endometrial carcinoma.
– Uterine sarcomas start in the muscle layer or supporting connective tissue of the uterus.
– Cancers that start in the cervix and spread to the uterus are different from cancers that start in the body of the uterus.
– Symptoms of endometrial cancer include vaginal bleeding after menopause, bleeding between periods, and pelvic pain.
– The cause of endometrial cancer is not known, but it is believed that changes in the DNA of cells in the endometrium lead to the growth of cancer cells.
– Early detection of endometrial cancer can lead to successful treatment through surgical removal of the uterus.
– Risk factors for endometrial cancer include changes in hormone balance, certain diseases or conditions, menstruation history, pregnancy history, age, obesity, hormone therapy for breast cancer, and Lynch syndrome.
– Obesity and hormone therapy are notable risk factors for endometrial cancer.
– Lynch syndrome, a genetic syndrome associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer, increases the risk of endometrial cancer.
– Individuals with Lynch syndrome should inquire about appropriate cancer screenings.
– There are no specific facts, stats, or figures provided about endometrioid tumors or the prevalence of Lynch syndrome in the article.

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Intrauterine Devices: A Contraceptive Option for Safe and Effective Family Planning

JiangRuoan

Summary:
– An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small T-shaped plastic and copper device that is inserted into the womb to prevent pregnancy.
– When inserted correctly, IUDs are over 99% effective and can last for 5 to 10 years.
– IUDs can be inserted at any time during the menstrual cycle if the person is not pregnant.
– IUDs can be removed at any time by a trained medical professional.
– Side effects can include heavier, longer, or more painful periods, spotting or bleeding between periods, and a small risk of infection.
– The IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so additional protection may be needed.
– The copper in the IUD alters cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach an egg and preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg.
– IUDs can be left in place until menopause or when contraception is no longer needed for those over 40 years old.
– Before insertion, a GP or nurse will check the position and size of the womb and may test for existing infections.
– The fitting process takes about 20 to 30 minutes, with the IUD being inserted through the cervix into the womb.
– Local anesthesia can be used to minimize discomfort during insertion.
– After having an IUD fitted, period-type cramps and bleeding may occur for a few days.
– A GP may recommend checking the IUD after 3 to 6 weeks.
– If there are any problems or if removal is desired, the GP should be consulted.
– If there is a risk of sexually transmitted infection (STI), it may lead to an infection in the pelvis and should be addressed with a GP.
– IUDs have two thin threads that can be checked by the user to make sure it is still in place.
– If the threads cannot be felt or if the IUD has moved, there may be a risk of pregnancy, and additional contraception should be used until checked by a GP.
– If the partner can feel the IUD during sex, a check-up should be scheduled.
– Additional contraception should be used for 7 days before IUD removal if not replacing the IUD.
– Most individuals with a womb can use an IUD, with exceptions for those who may be pregnant, have untreated STIs or pelvic infections, have womb or cervix issues, or experience unexplained bleeding.
– People who have had an ectopic pregnancy or have an artificial heart valve should consult their GP before getting an IUD.
– IUDs can usually be fitted 4 weeks after giving birth, and alternative contraception should be used until then.
– IUDs have an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.
– IUDs can be obtained for free from contraception clinics, sexual health or genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics, GP surgeries, and some young people’s services.
– Contraception services are free and confidential for people under 16.
– Healthcare professionals will not inform parents or caregivers if under 16 seeking contraception, as long as they believe the person fully understands the information and decisions being made.
– Professionals may only disclose information if they believe the individual is at risk of harm, such as abuse.
– An IUD can last between 5 to 10 years, depending on the type.
– Periods may become heavier, longer, or more painful in the first 3 to 6 months after insertion.
– Spotting or bleeding between periods may occur.
– There is a small risk of infection or expulsion of the IUD.
– Previous pelvic infections may make IUDs unsuitable.
– IUDs do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
– IUDs release copper into the womb, which alters cervical mucus and makes it difficult for sperm to reach an egg and implant itself.
– Before insertion, a GP or nurse will check the position and size of the womb and test for existing infections.
– The appointment takes about 20 to 30 minutes, with fitting taking no longer than 5 minutes.
– IUD insertion can be uncomfortable or painful, but local anesthesia can be used to help.
– Painkillers can be taken after insertion if needed.
– There is a small chance of getting thrush that keeps coming back after having an IUD fitted.
– If the IUD fails and a woman becomes pregnant, there is an increased risk of an ectopic pregnancy.
– IUDs can be obtained for free from contraception clinics, sexual health or genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics, GP surgeries, and some young people’s services.
– Contraception services are free and confidential for people under 16.
– Healthcare professionals will not inform parents or carers about a person under 16 seeking contraception, as long as they believe the person understands the information and decisions being made.
– Professionals may disclose information if they believe the person is at risk of harm, such as abuse.

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Amenorrhea: Understanding its Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

JiangRuoan

The following list contains terms that are pertinent to the keyword ‘amenorrhea’ and have not been duplicated:

– Amenorrhea (the absence of menstrual periods)
– Androgen insensitivity (a genetic condition where a person has physical traits of a woman but male sex chromosomes)
– Anorexia nervosa (an eating disorder that causes severe food restriction and weight loss)
– Estrogen (a female hormone produced in the ovaries)
– Hormone therapy (treatment to relieve menopausal symptoms)
– Hymen (a membrane at the entrance of the vaginal opening)
– Inflammatory bowel disease (a group of diseases that cause inflammation of the intestines)
– Kidney (an organ that filters waste from the blood)
– Menopause (the permanent cessation of menstrual periods)
– Menstrual cycle (monthly changes in a woman’s body for possible pregnancy)
– Menstrual period (the shedding of blood and tissue from the uterus)
– Obstetrician-gynecologist (a doctor specializing in women’s health)
– Osteoporosis (a condition of thin bones)
– Ovaries (organs that produce eggs and hormones)
– Pelvic exam (physical examination of pelvic organs)
– Pituitary gland (a gland near the brain that controls changes in the body)
– Polycystic ovary syndrome (a hormonal imbalance affecting menstrual cycles, ovulation, fertility, and metabolism)
– Primary ovarian insufficiency (ovaries stop working before age 40)
– Progesterone (a hormone that prepares the uterus lining for pregnancy)
– Thyroid gland (a gland that produces thyroid hormone to regulate metabolism)
– Turner syndrome (a genetic condition causing physical abnormalities)
– Ultrasound exam (a test using sound waves to examine internal body parts)

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Exploring the Absence of Vagina: Causes, Treatments, and Resources

JiangRuoan

List of Pertinent Information for the Keyword ‘absence of vagina’:
1. Vaginal agenesis is a condition in which a person is born without a vagina.
2. Diagnosis involves external genital exam, modified internal exam, ultrasound, and MRI.
3. Testing for MRKH syndrome involves a karyotype to examine chromosomes and pinpoint genetic causes.
4. Treatment options for vaginal agenesis include creating a vagina if sexual intercourse is desired.
5. Vaginal dilators are recommended as the first choice of treatment for MRKH.
6. Dilators are used to stretch the vaginal canal to a normal length.
7. Success rate of dilator treatment depends on consistent use and applied pressure.
8. Water-based lubricant may be necessary during intercourse.
9. Boston Children’s Hospital provides care for vaginal agenesis.
10. Anomalies of the Reproductive Tract specializes in treating females up to age 22 with reproductive organ anomalies, including vaginal agenesis.
11. The center has a multidisciplinary team consisting of gynecologists, radiologists, nurse specialists, and social workers.
12. Services provided include testing, treatment, counseling, and follow-up.
13. The Center for Young Women’s Health offers programs, resources, and services for young women’s health care.
14. Provides a team approach to accurate diagnoses and exceptional care and treatment options.
15. Offers information on gynecology, sexuality and health, development, fitness and nutrition, and emotional health.

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Intrauterine Device Expulsion: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions Explained

JiangRuoan

– Intrauterine device
– IUD
– IUD expulsion
– Contraceptive method
– Flexible plastic
– Long-term pregnancy prevention
– Emergency birth control
– Hormonal IUDs
– Mirena
– Liletta
– Skyla
– Progestin
– Ovulation prevention
– Copper IUDs
– ParaGard
– Sperm prevention
– Spotting between periods
– Cramping
– Back pain
– Pelvic infection
– Uterine perforation
– Heavier periods
– Specific IUDs not recommended
– Acute liver disease
– Jaundice
– Wilson’s disease
– Birth control methods
– Future plans for having children
– Sexually transmitted diseases
– Daily birth control pills
– Smoking status
– Negative side effects
– Availability
– Affordability
– Comfort with birth control device
– Highly effective forms of birth control
– Backup birth control
– Reinsertion
– Preferred choice of birth control
– IUD shifting out of place
– Partial or full dislodgment
– Signs of an IUD out of place
– Feeling the IUD during sex
– Abdominal cramping or pain
– Unusual vaginal discharge
– Heavier or atypical vaginal bleeding
– Fever or chills
– Checking if IUD is in place
– Thin string hanging down
– Contacting a doctor
– Protection against pregnancy
– Alternative birth control
– Emergency contraception
– Higher chance of IUD falling out in the first 3 months
– Risk factors for IUD displacement
– Immediate insertion after giving birth
– Breastfeeding
– Abnormal uterus position
– Incorrect fitting and insertion
– Menstrual cup that doesn’t fit the IUD
– Pros of using IUDs
– High effectiveness in preventing pregnancy
– No need to remember to take medication
– Easy reversibility for those who want to conceive
– Improvement of heavy periods and cramping with hormonal IUDs
– Hormone-free form of birth control with copper IUDs
– Emergency contraception within 5 days after unprotected sex
– Cons of IUDs
– Painful insertion
– Changes in bleeding patterns
– Irregular bleeding or spotting between periods
– Uterus perforation and infection
– Unintended pregnancy if the IUD falls out
– Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy or septic abortion
– Consultation with a doctor for birth control options
– Hormone effects
– Side effects
– Protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
– Effectiveness in preventing pregnancy
– Ease of use
– Interactions with health conditions, medications, or supplements
– Additional protection against STIs
– Frequently asked questions
– Possibility of getting hurt if the IUD is out of place
– Uterus perforation
– IUD expulsion rate
– Symptoms of IUD falling out
– Abdominal pain or discomfort
– Severe cramping
– Pain or bleeding during sex

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