Empowering Women's Health: Insights from a Gynecologist
I’m sorry, but I cannot generate a list of pertinent information on the ‘oral contraceptive pill’ based on the given text. If you can provide the content of the article or specific information related to the keyword, I’ll be more than happy to assist you in summarizing it.
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List of pertinent information related to ‘carcinoma of endometrium’:
– Endometrial cancer starts in the cells of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium).
– It is the most common type of cancer in the uterus.
– Endometrial cancer can be divided into different types based on how the cells look under the microscope, including adenocarcinoma (most common type), uterine carcinosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, transitional carcinoma, serous carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, dedifferentiated carcinoma, and serous adenocarcinoma.
– Type 1 endometrial cancers are usually not aggressive and are caused by too much estrogen.
– Type 2 endometrial cancers are more likely to spread outside the uterus and have a poorer outlook.
– Uterine carcinosarcoma (CS) is a type 2 endometrial carcinoma that has features of both endometrial carcinoma and sarcoma.
– Uterine sarcomas start in the muscle layer or supporting connective tissue of the uterus.
– Cancers that start in the cervix and then spread to the uterus are different from uterine cancers.
– The grade of endometrial cancer is based on the organization of cancer cells into glands.
– Grade 1 tumors have 95% or more of the cancer tissue forming glands.
– Grade 2 tumors have between 50% and 94% of the cancer tissue forming glands.
– Grade 3 tumors have less than half of the cancer tissue forming glands and tend to be aggressive.
– Clinical trials are mentioned as a way to find new and better ways to help cancer patients.
– The article provides information on the treatment options for carcinoma of the endometrium.
I apologize for the confusion, as you have not provided any text or article to summarize, I am unable to generate a pertinent list of keywords for the term ‘chronic vulvardystrophy’. However, if you provide the relevant text or article, I will be happy to assist you in generating a relevant list.
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– Displacement of IUD
– Shifting out of place
– Partially or fully dislodged
– Risk factors for displacement
– Signs of displaced IUD
– Not able to feel IUD string
– String feeling shorter or longer
– Feeling IUD during sex
– IUD coming out of cervix
– Abdominal cramping
– Pain, discomfort
– Unusual vaginal discharge
– Heavier or atypical vaginal bleeding
– Fever or chills
– IUD no longer providing pregnancy protection
– Different form of birth control may be needed
– Emergency contraception
– Contact a doctor
– Pros of IUDs
– High effectiveness in preventing pregnancy
– No need to remember to take medication
– Easy reversibility
– Improvement of heavy periods and cramping
– Effectiveness as emergency contraception
– Cons of IUDs
– Painful insertion
– Changes in bleeding patterns
– Perforation leading to bleeding or infection
– Unintended pregnancy due to displacement
– Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy or septic abortion
– Consult with a doctor
– Effects on hormones
– Potential side effects or risks
– Protection against sexually transmitted infections
– Interactions with other health conditions, medications, or supplements
– IUDs do not protect against STIs
– Additional protection such as condoms needed
– Potential harm caused by out-of-place IUD
– Possibility of IUD falling out (expulsion)
– Feelings associated with IUD displacement
– Rate of expulsion
– Physical symptoms of IUD displacement
– Factors that increase the likelihood of displacement
– Checking if IUD has moved
– Washing hands, squatting or sitting, inserting a finger
– Feeling for string ends without tugging or pulling
– Steps taken by doctors to determine if IUD has moved
– Contacting a doctor or healthcare provider
– Examination and tests
– Emergency contraception and backup method
– Decision to remove or leave IUD
– Ultrasound to locate IUD
– X-ray if IUD cannot be found
– Laparoscopic procedure for removal and replacement
– Alternative birth control options
– Doctor may see IUD in cervix
– Pros and cons of using an IUD
– IUD effectiveness
– Long-lasting form of birth control
– Reversibility and possibility of pregnancy after removal
– Benefits of hormonal IUDs
– Benefits of copper IUDs
– Cost comparison to other methods
– Pain during insertion and removal
– Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy
– Effects of copper IUD on periods and cramps
– Risk of pelvic inflammatory disease
– Rare possibility of uterine perforation
– Vulvar cancer is a cancer that occurs in any part of the external female genitals.
– It most commonly develops in the labia minora, labia majora, and perineum.
– The most common type of vulvar cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for about 90% of cases in Australia.
– Vulvar melanoma makes up between 2% and 4% of vulvar cancers and begins in the melanocytes.
– Sarcoma is a rare type of vulvar cancer that starts in cells in muscle fat and other tissue under the skin.
– Adenocarcinoma is another rare form that develops from the glandular cells in the vulvar glands.
– Basel cell carcinoma is a very rare type that starts in the basal cells in the skin’s lower layer.
– Vulvar cancer is more common in women who have gone through menopause, but it can also occur in younger women.
– It is estimated that more than 400 people were diagnosed with vulvar cancer in 2023.
– The average age at diagnosis is 69 years old.
– Borderline ovarian tumors, also known as “low malignant potential” tumors, are not completely benign but also not invasive.
– Diagnosis of a borderline ovarian tumor can be suspected through imaging such as ultrasound or MRI, but the diagnosis is confirmed through microscopic assessment after surgery.
– Surgery is the primary treatment for borderline tumors, even if they have spread to other areas. Endocrine therapy may be considered in some cases.
– Fertility-sparing surgery or preservation of an unaffected ovary is often possible in young patients to avoid surgical menopause.
– Minimally invasive (laparoscopic) surgery is preferred for faster recovery and reduced risk of complications.
– Long-term follow-up care is necessary for patients with borderline ovarian tumors, with periodic imaging recommended for those with one ovary remaining.
– Approximately 10% of borderline tumors may recur, and surgical treatment is often used due to the limited response to systemic treatments like chemotherapy.
– Minimally invasive techniques are used for recurrent tumors whenever possible, and complex debulking surgeries may be performed to remove as much tumor as possible.
– An oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both of the ovaries, which are almond-shaped organs in the female reproductive system.
– It can be done as part of an operation to remove the uterus or independently.
– Reasons for an oophorectomy include tubo-ovarian abscess, ovarian cancer, endometriosis, noncancerous ovarian tumors or cysts, and reducing the risk of ovarian or breast cancer in high-risk individuals.
– Risks of the procedure include bleeding, infection, damage to nearby organs, rupture of a tumor, and retention of ovary cells that cause symptoms.
– If both ovaries are removed, the person will experience menopause, which can lead to signs and symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, depression, anxiety, heart disease, memory problems, decreased sex drive, and osteoporosis.
– Undergoing an oophorectomy at a younger age may increase the risks related to early menopause.
– Preparing for an oophorectomy may involve fasting before the surgery, stopping certain medications, and undergoing imaging tests like ultrasound and blood tests.
– Discussing options for infertility preservation with a doctor is recommended for those who want to have children.
– The article provides information about oophorectomy, a surgical procedure to remove the ovaries.
– It discusses two methods of performing the surgery: laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery.
– Both methods involve separating the ovaries from their blood supply and surrounding tissue before removal.
– Laparoscopic or robotic oophorectomy is generally associated with quicker recovery, less pain, and a shorter hospital stay.
– After the surgery, patients can expect to spend time in a recovery room and may need to stay in the hospital for a few hours to a few days.
– Most people can go home after the surgery and can return to normal activities within two to four weeks, depending on individual circumstances.
– Oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both ovaries.
– It is commonly done to treat diseases or reduce the risk of certain cancers.
– There are different types of oophorectomies including unilateral (removing one ovary), bilateral (removing both ovaries), salpingo-oophorectomy (removing one ovary and one fallopian tube), bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (removing both fallopian tubes and ovaries), hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy (removing uterus, one fallopian tube, and one ovary), and total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (removing uterus, cervix, both fallopian tubes, and both ovaries).
– Reasons for oophorectomy include endometriosis, benign cysts, preventative surgery for high-risk individuals for breast and ovarian cancer due to BRCA gene mutations, ovarian cancer, ovarian torsion, and infections.
– If both ovaries and fallopian tubes are removed, natural pregnancy becomes impossible, but options like IVF can still be considered.
– Fertility preservation options such as egg freezing may also be discussed with a healthcare provider.
– A myoma, also known as a uterine fibroid or leiomyoma, is a common noncancerous tumor that grows in or around the uterus.
– Myomas can vary in size and may cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and heavy menstrual bleeding.
– Risk factors for myomas include a family history of myoma, obesity, and age.
– More than half of all people with a uterus will experience a myoma by age 50.
– Myomas can be categorized by location, size, and symptoms they may cause.
– Types of myomas include intramural myomas (located within the wall of the uterus), subserosal myomas (grow on the outside of the uterine wall), pedunculated myomas (develop a stalk or stem attaching them to the uterus), and submucosal myomas (found just under the lining of the uterus).
– A large myoma is considered to be 10 centimeters or more in diameter.
– Emergency room visits for myoma symptoms have increased from 2006 to 2017, including pelvic pain and heavy bleeding.
– Myomas are noncancerous growths that can cause various symptoms depending on their size and location.
– Symptoms of myomas include heavy and painful periods, bleeding between periods, pelvic pain, abdominal pressure, a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen, constipation, diarrhea, frequent urination, pain during sex, lower back pain, trouble getting pregnant, fatigue, and weakness.
– Myomas are not life-threatening but can cause complications such as heavy blood loss or organ obstruction.
– Myomas are a top cause of hysterectomy surgeries.
– If a myoma bursts, immediate medical care is necessary.
– The exact cause of myomas is unknown but is likely associated with hormone activity, particularly high levels of estrogen and progesterone.
– Risk factors for myomas include a family history of the condition, obesity, high blood pressure, age, and certain dietary factors.
– Myomas are more common among Black people with a uterus.
– Diagnosis of myomas involves a series of steps, including medical history, physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, and sometimes a biopsy.
– Treatment options for myomas include medication, noninvasive procedures, surgery, or a combination of therapies.
– Medications that may be used include over-the-counter pain medications, iron supplements, and birth control methods.
– Surgical options include laparoscopic myomectomy and uterine fibroid embolization (UFE).
– Lifestyle changes including dietary changes, exercise, stress management, and weight loss may improve symptoms and overall health.
– Complications of untreated myomas include fertility issues, pregnancy complications, and the need for cesarean delivery.
– It is important to discuss myomas with a healthcare provider before pregnancy for potential complications.
– Uterine fibroids, also known as myomas, are non-cancerous tumors that grow in the uterus.
– The most common symptom of myomas is vaginal bleeding.
– Other symptoms of myomas include heavy bleeding, anemia, fatigue, painful intercourse, pain, bleeding, or discharge from the vagina if myomas become infected, a feeling of pressure or lump in the abdomen, difficulties urinating, dribble at the end of urination, or urine retention if a myoma blocks the flow of urine.
– Myomas affect 20 percent of women in their childbearing years.
– The signs and symptoms of uterine fibroids include abnormal bleeding, pelvic masses, pelvic pain, infertility, and pregnancy complications.
– There are five types of uterine fibroids: intramural fibroids, subserosal fibroids, submucosal fibroids, pedunculated fibroids, and intracavitary fibroids.
– Between 70 and 80 percent of women develop a fibroid tumor by the time they reach age 50.
– Estrogen seems to activate the growth of uterine fibroids, and they shrink after menopause, but hormone therapy after menopause may cause their symptoms to continue.
– Factors associated with the development of uterine fibroids include race, age, early menstruation, caffeine and alcohol intake, genetics, obesity, high blood pressure, and diet.
– Nearly one-third of women with uterine fibroids seek treatment because of the severity of their symptoms.
– Treatment options for uterine fibroids include hormonal contraception, intrauterine devices, antifibrinolytic nonsteroidal agents, endometrial ablation, medications called gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, myomectomy, MRI-guided ultrasound surgery, and uterine fibroid embolization.
– Uterine fibroid embolization is a minimally invasive option that blocks the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink and die.
– Myoma, leiomyoma, and uterine fibroids all refer to the same thing, a non-cancerous tumor of the uterus.
– The management of uterine fibroids, also known as myomas, requires further research to improve treatment outcomes.
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